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  1. <text id=93AC0372>
  2. <title>
  3. R & D Expenditures, Universities & Colleges:1980-92
  4. </title>
  5. <history>
  6. Compact ALMANAC--United States Statistics         
  7. Science & Technology                                 
  8. </history>
  9. <article>
  10. <source>Time Almanac</source>
  11. <hdr>
  12. Research & Development Expenditures in Science & Engineering
  13. at Universities & Colleges: 1980 - 1992 [In millions of dollars.]
  14. </hdr>
  15. <body>
  16. <table>
  17. <tblhdr><cell>Characteristic<cell type=i>1980<cell type=i>1983<cell type=i>1985<cell type=i>1986<cell type=i>1987<cell type=i>1988<cell type=i>1990<cell type=i>1992
  18. <row><cell type=a>TOTAL<cell type=i>6,062<cell type=i>7,798<cell type=i>9,695<cell type=i>10,925<cell type=i>12,080<cell type=i>13,422<cell type=i>16,334<cell type=i>18,880
  19. <row><cell>In 1982 dollars(1)<cell>7,154<cell>7,482<cell>8,693<cell>9,535<cell>10,237<cell>11,038<cell>(NA)<cell>(NA)
  20. <row><cell>Basic research<cell>4,024<cell>5,265<cell>6,556<cell>7,512<cell>8,343<cell>8,870<cell>10,680<cell>12,468
  21. <row><cell>Applied R & D<cell>2,037<cell>2,533<cell>3,138<cell>3,414<cell>3,737<cell>4,552<cell>5,654<cell>6,412
  22. <row><cell>SOURCE OF FUNDS:<cell><cell><cell><cell><cell><cell><cell><cell>
  23. <row><cell>All governments<cell>4,588<cell>5,577<cell>6,809<cell>7,624<cell>8,349<cell>9,287<cell>10,976<cell>12,593
  24. <row><cell>Institutions' own funds<cell>835<cell>1,256<cell>1,632<cell>1,877<cell>2,114<cell>2,314<cell>3,033<cell>3,576
  25. <row><cell>Industry<cell>238<cell>378<cell>559<cell>692<cell>807<cell>892<cell>1,130<cell>1,302
  26. <row><cell>Other<cell>401<cell>587<cell>694<cell>732<cell>810<cell>928<cell>1,195<cell>1,409
  27. <row><cell>FIELDS:<cell><cell><cell><cell><cell><cell><cell><cell>
  28. <row><cell>Physical Sciences<cell>678<cell>897<cell>1,148<cell>1,282<cell>1,382<cell>1,532<cell>1,809<cell>2,058
  29. <row><cell>Environmental Sciences<cell>509<cell>619<cell>708<cell>780<cell>828<cell>891<cell>1,080<cell>1,249
  30. <row><cell>Mathematical Sciences<cell>79<cell>108<cell>130<cell>153<cell>178<cell>199<cell>221<cell>247
  31. <row><cell>Computer sciences<cell>114<cell>175<cell>281<cell>318<cell>372<cell>410<cell>514<cell>556
  32. <row><cell>Life Sciences<cell>3,218<cell>4,233<cell>5,278<cell>5,895<cell>6,476<cell>7,236<cell>8,748<cell>10,228
  33. <row><cell>Psychology<cell>111<cell>139<cell>158<cell>170<cell>188<cell>214<cell>258<cell>336
  34. <row><cell>Social Sciences<cell>342<cell>354<cell>387<cell>458<cell>499<cell>550<cell>706<cell>817
  35. <row><cell>Other sciences<cell>146<cell>162<cell>185<cell>227<cell>271<cell>308<cell>335<cell>307
  36. <row><cell>Engineering<cell>866<cell>1,111<cell>1,419<cell>1,642<cell>1,885<cell>2,084<cell>2,663<cell>3,082
  37. </table>
  38. <list>
  39. <item>NA=Not available.
  40. <item>1. Based on the gross national product implicit price deflator.
  41. </list>
  42. <p>Source: U.S. National Science Foundation.
  43. </p>
  44. </body>
  45. </article>
  46. </text>
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